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QRZ! Ham Radio 1
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QRZ Ham Radio Callsign Database - December 1993.iso
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1993-11-21
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AIRS Guidance - De W7JIE
1. In preparing report forms for AIRS, remember the compiled reports from
all AIRS members are circulated world-wide. As a part of the IARU
monitoring service, ARRL and AIRS provides input through these reports.
Therefore, it is very important that several items be considered.
2. Of primary importance is to know what frequencies are shared with other
services and what signals can thus be considered for reporting. Just
because the FCC allows amateur operation does not mean that we have
exclusive use of that frequency or band. In fact, most bands open to USA
hams are "shared" somewhere in the world. So, in your reporting of
signals, you should make certain that the signal under question actually
violates international agreements. Many do, but most are perfectly legal,
and should not be reported. For example:
160 meters, 1800-2000 Khz. Shared worldwide with radiolocation beacons,
mobile units, radionavigation and fixed stations. In most cases, a non-
amateur signal, particularly a repetitive beacon-like signal, is probably
radio navigation or radio location and should not be reported. Non-amateur
voice communication can qualify as mobile or fixed-mobile systems.
Actually, there is seldom any reportable signals on 160 meters, sorry to
say.
80/75 meters. Again, a worldwide shared band from 3500 to 4000Khz. Take
Region one (europe, africa, etc.) as an example. Amateur operation is
permitted 3500 to 3800 only. Region 2 (N. and S. America), amateur
operation is permitted from 3500 to 4000 with certain countries limiting
frequencies. Region 3 (Asia, Japan, Australia, etc), amateur operation
3500 - 3900 with limintations. Broadcasting in Region one from 3950 to
4000 while broadcasting permitted in region 3 from 3900 - 4000! In both
Region 1 and 3, across the band, mobile operation, fixed station operation,
aeronautical mobile stations, and inregion 2 even fixed stations and mobile
stations are permitted from 3750 to 4000! Therefore, unless you can prove
that a station is in actual violation, in almost all cases, the signal on
the 75/80 meter band is probably legal and not reportable.
40 meters. 7000-7050 is allocated to fixed stations on a primary basis in
certain countries in Region 1. These countries are Angola, Iraq, Kenya,
Rwanda, Somalia, Togo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Guinea, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi,
and Tanzania. Care must be exerciesd in that frequency area to make sure
it is not one of the above. The best way is to get a QTE/QTH from a known
and reliable QTF source. 7050-7100 is world-wide exclusinve Amateur.
Albania, and a couple others regularly stick broadcasting in the upper
portionof this band and should be reported. 7100-7300 is world-wide
broadcasting in Region 1 & 3. However, no digital transmissions are
supposed to occur from non-amateur sources! A swep of this portion of the
band may turn up some violators and are reportable. Jammers usually occur
in the band also but reporting them may or may not be fruitful.
30 meters. 10100-10150 is shared world-wide. Just plain fact of life.
Probably no signals are violators and therefore not reportable.
20 meters. Exclusively amateur world-wide from 14000 to 14250 Khz.
However, 14250 - 14300 is 'shared' with Afghanistan, China, Ivory Coast,
Iran, and the USSR. These are 'fixed' stations but can still be herard in
U.S.A. and are reportable 'harmful interference'. Just make sure you know
the QTH of the signal.
15 meters. 21000-21450 Khz. Exclusive amateur. No sharing and therefore
any non-amateur signal is reportable. Harmonics of broadcasters and others
are reportable.
12 meters. 24890 - 24990 Khz. Until 1 July 1989, there is still some
sharing on this band. Then it becomes exclusive world-wide amateur.
10 meters. 28000-29700 Khz. Also exclusive world-wide amateur but subject
to harmonics, etc.
6 meters. 50.0 - 54.0 MHz. A bunch of sharing in Region 1 and 3 with
fixed, mobiles, and broadcasting. If DX is in, the signal may be OK. Use
good judgement.
Above 6 meters, watch for local signals that can occur from many sources
and are reportable. Often find unlicensed users as well as accidental
sources of offending signals.
AIRS operating information and frequency recording. Check your receiver
against WWV occasionally. Make sure your report is accurate within one
Khz. and even better than that should be easy with today's digital
readouts. Report the frequency of F1B at mid-point. In other words, if it
is F1B with a shift of 500 hz, then report the midrange point of the
signal. That is, read the mark and space frequencies and report the center
of the two. For other frequency-shifted signals, use the midpoint. For
other signals, report the carrier frequency as read.
Time. use only "Z" time, GMT, or Coordinated Universal time. Do not use
local twelve hour or twenty four hour time for reporting. Also, if at all
possible, report the time your first heard the signal and the last time you
heard it, which is usually the time spent measuring and trying to identify
it. A single time is OK, but should be shown both as "from" and "to" on
the form.
Call/identification - Put in what you can, but do not leave blank.
Even a question mark is better than a blank. Sometimes, calls can be
obtained, sometimes not. Sometimes country of origin can be picked out but
anything that can be accurately added is helpful.
Emission. Very important! Acquaint yourself with the various emission
codes used by FCC, IARU, ITU and amateurs. There are only a few that
commonly occur. They are A1A (dot and dash codes), A1B (dot and dash
radioprinters, etc), F1A (frequency shifted dot and dash stuff), F1B
(frequency shifted radio printers etc), N0N (carrier with no intelligence)
(sometimes said to be American television), J7B (multi-tone audio modulated
systems), A3E( Broadcasting stations) Others are rarely heard but can
occur. You should get acquainted with as many as possible.